![]() ![]() In SDS death appears to be caused by heart damage which leads to lung oedema, so that the chicks are unable to breath sufficient fluid is lost from the circulatory system into the lung tissue spaces causing peripheral circulatory failure. However when the stimulus surpasses the tolerance level, irreversible changes occur not only in the wall of the blood vessel but also in the tissue which they supply. ![]() This physiological permeability caused by short term increase in blood pressure is usually reversible. When the course of disease is acute there is vascular disturbance which starts with circulatory lesions manifested by increased permeability of the peripheral circulatory system. Stress is the main contribute towards the pathogenesis of SDS. This suggests that the fatty liver syndrome may predispose to SDS, although a common diagnosis with an empty intestine since affected birds rarely eats as the condition progresses. Hypertrophied livers may relate to fatty liver and kidney syndrome showing pale fatty liver and in their birds. There seems to be some discrepancy regarding the occurrence of enlarged and/or haemorrhagic livers. The process likely starts with circulatory lesions manifested by increased capillary permeability followed by the congestion of many tissues. The pathological lesions seen in SDS are associated with some type of vascular disturbance. The heart may contain clotted blood especially in the atria, although the ventricles may appear slightly hypertrophied. The liver and kidneys may be slightly enlarged and have patchy sub capsular haemorrhage. Feed is present along the entire digestive tract and the gall bladder is usually empty. Dead birds are always well fleshed with oedema and general pulmonary congestion. ![]()
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